Your name:

Starting Date and time:

Ending Date and time:

Statement.  I attest that the work on this exam is completely my own
and that the exam was completed in good faith and following the ground
rules that are described herein.

Sign (or type) your name: 

Essay Questions (50 points total) Answer the first two questions and
one of the last three. Provide thoughtful, thorough, well-reasoned and
well-written answers. You may use the assigned reading materials
for these questions. 

1. (20 point) Yochai Benkler and Helen Nissenbaum talk about the virtues
of commons-based peer production. (a) Briefly define commons-based peer
production (CBPP) and then choose one example of a product that was
produced by CPBB and one example of a product that was not produced by
CPBB and (b) describe how they differ and (c) describe how one or the
other promotes (or fails to promote) virtue.


2. (15 points) What is the difference between Richard Stallman's
concept of free software and the Open Source Institute's concept of
open source software.  What is the significance of this distinction
and what effect, if any, has it had on the development of the open
source movement?

(15 points) Choose one of the following questions.

3. SVN is an open source version control system. a) Describe the main
functions that a version control system supports, and b) discuss the
role and importance of SVN and/or other version control systems in the
FOSS development process.

4. Drew Endy is synthetic biologist who argues that an open-source
approach is important for the continuing development of his field.
Describe the main issues in this area and how an open source 
approach would help advance this scientific field.

5.  What impact has the broader open source movement had on society in
general?  Has it made any difference in how people think or interact?
Has it had a positive or negative effect on how "traditional"
technology companies operate?  Has it led to any changes
that show promise for a more open society?

PHP Questions (50 points total).  You may use the textbook for these
questions.  You may NOT use the computer to test your answers.  That
is, you must figure out the answers by using logic, arithmetic, and
your understanding of PHP.

1. (10 points) What would be output (displayed on the web page) by the
following PHP scripts?  That is, you should assume that the output the
script generates is being sent to a web page as part of an HTML document.

a. 
$sports = array("baseball", "basketball", "football", "golf", "soccer", "tennis");
$m = 1;
$n = 16 % 2;
echo "My favorite sports are $sports[$m] and $sports[$n]<BR />";


b.
$sports = array("baseball", "basketball", "football", "golf", "soccer", "tennis");
foreach($sports as $key => $value) {
   print "$key -> $value<BR />";
}


2. (5 points) Write a PHP loop that will print a countdown. That is, it should print:
5, 4, 3, 2, 1, BLASTOFF>




3. (5 points) Define an associative array named $widgets that represents the following
price list:
doohickey       10.50
whatchamacallit 19.99
thingamajig      5.99
whatsit          2.99


4.  (5 point) Complete the following PHP script, which is supposed to print out a table
of the widgets stored in the array you defined in the previous question. Your code should
use  PHP loop.

<?php
echo "<TABLE><TR><TH>Widget</TH><TH>Price</TH></TR>";

// Your code would go here

echo "</TABLE>";
?>

5. (5 points) The following PHP code segment will display
an HTML form and handle certain input from the user.  Describe
what it would display when it is first loaded into a web page.
Then describe what it would display if the user typed 'Exam" and
pressed the submit button.

<?php
$search = htmlentities($_GET["search"]);
$self = htmlentities($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']);
if ($search === '' ) {
    echo ('
    <FORM ACTION="'.$self.'"  METHOD="GET">
    <LABEL>
        Search: <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="search" />
    </LABEL>
    <INPUT TYPE="Submit" VALUE="Go!" />
    </FORM>');
} else {
   echo "The search string is: <strong>$search</strong>";
}
?>

6. (10 points)  Revise the code in the previous section so that
displays a name input form with the appropriate prompts. It should
contain two input text fields, one named "first" and the other named "last",
and a submit button.  After the user enters her first and last name, it
should display "Hi <firstname> <lastname>!"  where strings in angle 
brackets are replaced by the user's names.


7. (10 points) Suppose you have a MySQL database named "cpsc110" that
contains a table named "members" that has a row for each member of the
course and that each row has two columns named "name" and "email",
corresponding to the student's name and email address.  And suppose
your PHP program has successfully opened a connection, represented as
$connection,  to your database.

a. Describe in general what the following query would do and what the variable
$result would contain if the query is successful.

if (!($result = @ mysql_query ("SELECT * FROM cpsc110", $connection)))
    showerror();


b. Suppose we want to use the result of the query in part (a) to display
an HTML table containing the class members.  Modify the following 
code segment so that it will perform that task correctly:

<?php
echo "<TABLE><TR><TH>Name</TH><TH>Email Address</TH></TR>";

while ($row = @ mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
    // Display one row of the table getting the data from the query result
}

echo "</TABLE>";
?>