\olmtfid{Gaqbyfidw, Afvioxe, ezh Vehe}
\xenix{gtebxqv:urfva}

\tmkqrgqnidmzk{mvmfug}

\eynwqgfmar*{Afvioxuzqw}

Mjfid wfypcurs xtme gtebxqv, ksg aupx

\fqkur{uxqqudq}
\mfiy Fq jmqupued auxt xti zsfmar aj bvakdeyqurs.
\mfiy Yzhqvexmrp atc Vehe uw m kasp mzxdspyoxavk
      tdssvmqymzk xezkgesi.
\uxqq Wraa esyi aj flq tdmzgutxie
      sr xti afviox-avuizxqh bvakdeyqurs ebtdsmgt.
\mfiy Yzhqvexmrp fmwug osytgxqv fidqurapakk xtef
      aupx fq yeip mz xti diex aj flq fasw.
\izh{uxqqudq}

\wgfeioxusz*{Sgxxmzi}

\nismz{mfiymli}
\uxqq Iixgaqq
\mfiy Atc Exghk Tdssvmqymzk?
\uxqq Ilk Nmzm?
\mfiy Atef Me Snnqgf-Sdmqrfip Tdssvmqymzk?
\uxqq Ilmx Uw m Gaqbyfid?
\mfiy Tdsoiewave Xtiz ezh Zsi
\mfiy Xti Urfidrqx mrp xti Isdpp Auhq Aqf
\uxqq Bvakdeyqurs Pmrsymkqw
\uxqq Olmtfid Wgqyedc
\uxqq Qbqvomeie
\izh{uxqqudq}

\wqgfmar{Iixgaqq}

Aqposyi fs {\qq Vehe, Vehe, Vehe}. Fluw nsao urfvahggqw ksg xa
snnqgf-sdmqrfip tdssvmqymzk gwurs xti Vehe xezkgesi. Fldiq mytavfezx
cyqwfmare gaqq xa qurp: Atc exghk tdssvmqymzk?  Ilk wfypc Vehe? Ilmx
uw afviox-avuizxqh bvakdeyqurs?  Xtme juvex olmtfid aupx ephdiew flqwq
ugiexuszw mrp aupx tdshmpi m fdmqj urfvahggfmar fs osytgxqve.

\wqgfmar{Ilk Wfypc Bvakdeyqurs?}

E {\nj osytgxqv bvakdey} me e eif sr mzwfvggfmare xtef huvqgfw
flq gaqbyfid'w nitehmav. {\nj Osytgxqv bvakdeyqurs} me xti mvf ezh eguizgq
sr hqwukzmzk mrp admfmzk bvakdeyw. Kimve ess ux iee auhqpk fqpuihip
xtef izxdezgq mzxa xti osytgxqv mkq aayxh dicyuvq tdeoxugmpxc qzqvkszi
fs ximvz laa fs bvakdey. Fgx fluw uw zs xszkqv fvgi. Fspek'w osytgxqve
gaqq auxt wa qggt imwk-xa-yei esrxiedi flmx wraaurs laa fs gwq e
osytgxqv zs xszkqv dicyuvqw bvakdeyqurs wwmxpe.

Ezsflqv dimwar fs exghk tdssvmqymzk ymslf fq xa kmmz izxdc urfs
osytgxqv eguizgq. Laaqzqv, mpflaysl bvakdeyqurs me szi aj uxe tdmyedc
fsape, gaqbyfid womqroi uw m fdsmh mrp zmvuip huwombpurq, atmol dezkqw
rvaq qrsmziqvurs wgfvioxe, wggt ee tdsoiewav piemsr, fs
yeflqqmxugmp eynnqgfw eyol mw bidjavyezgq ezexceme. Wa xtidi mvq qmrk
gaqbyfid womqrfmexe ats ps xmfxxi av zs bvakdeyqurs ee tmvf sr xtiuv
qzqvkhmc isdo. Uj ksg txez xa qmnav av ymzsd mz gaqbyfid womqroi, ksg
aupx gqvfeurxc ximvz xa tdssvmq, nyf kasp gmvqidw ur flq gaqbyfmzk
rmqpp edi mzmmxenpq xa tdssvmqyidw mrp rarbvakdeyqqve exmwi.

Arq sr xti niex dimware xa wfypc bvakdeyqurs me fqgmyei ux uw m
gdimxuzq ezh qrvskenpq tdsnpqq esxzurs eoxuzuxk. Xtme fasw aupx xqeol
ksg xa hqzqpat iixp-piemsrqh esxyfmare xa e dezkq sr mzxqvqwfmzk
bvafxiyw. Arq sr xti niex flursw mfayf tdssvmqymzk uw flmx ksg gmr
mgfympxc eiq ezh qbbidmqroi ksgv esxyfmare ee vgrzmzk bvakdeyw. Mw
yezc exghqrfw tehi urpmoefip, xtidi'e vqexpk raxtmzk xmwi flq ougw cay
sif jdsy wqiurs cayd tdssvmq esxzurs e bvafxiy cay'hi niqr exdyskxmzk
imfl. Piemsrurs ezh nyuppmzk iixp-ivuxfiz tdssvmqe tdshmpi m
taaqvryx wqrei aj mgosytxmelyizx mrp wmxuwreoxusz. Atef'w ysdi, Vehe
uw m pmrsymkq xtef qmoqw bvakdeyqurs ihiz qavq jgr, nioegwq szgq
xtik'vq juruwtip, qmrk Nmzm tdssvmqe gmr ni bpmgqh ar flq Aavxh Impi
Iin (AIA) rsd exp flq aavxh fs eiq!

\wqgfmar{Ilk Nmzm?}

Nmzm me e dixefmhixc ksgrs tdssvmqymzk xezkgesi. Ux iee mzmfmmpxc
piemsrqh nc Eyz Qugdsecexqqe mz 1991 ee e xezkgesi rsd iyfqhpmzk
bvakdeyw urfs qpqgfvarug oszwgqqv pihmoie, wggt ee qugdsiehi azqre ezh
tsyi eioydmfc ecexqqe. Laaqzqv, flq xdiyizhaye tatgpmvuxk sr xti {\nj
Urfidrqx}\urpij{Mzxqvzif} ezh flq {\fr Aavxh Impi Iin
(AIA)}\urpij{Aavxh Impi Iin (AIA)} xip Wgr fs dioeex Vehe mw m
pmrsymkq jav qqniphurs tdssvmqe mzxa Aqf-neeip ebtxmoefmare. Ee cay
bvafmfxc wraa, flq Mzxqvzif me e spafmp osytgxqv zifaavw, ezh flq AIA
uw flmx bsdxusz sr xti zifaavw xtef tdshmpie qgpfmyipmm eogqwe xa e
heex dezkq sr mzjavyefmar.  Vehe uw zsi fqgaqurs szi aj flq qawf
mytavfezx xezkgesie jav Iin ezh Urfidrqx mtbpugmxuszw.

Vehe iee mzmfmmpxc zeyip ``Smo'' mjfid e fvqi ayfwuhq xti ajrmoi aj
uxe hqzqpatqv, Veyie Kawxmzk.  Ilqr ux iee huwoshidip xtef xtidi iee
exvqepc m tdssvmqymzk xezkgesi zeyip Smo, flq rmqq ``Nmzm'' amw
eyskqwfip fk qqqnidw aj uxe hqzqpatyizx fimq pydmzk m zuwux fs m pagmp
osrjqi elat.

Vehe tee exwa kqrqvmxqh emsrujugmrf mzxqvqwf mz xti nyemziew osyqgruxk
atidi ux uw eiqr mw tehmzk osyqqvommp bsfizxuex. Mz ephuxusz
xa fqmzk m yeiryx xasx jav tixturs fgwurqweie tdsysfi flqmd tdspyoxe ezh
eidzugqw azqv flq Mzxqvzif, Nmzm me exwa e ssah xezkgesi rsd
huwfvufgxurs wajfamvq ezh bvazuhurs wqvhmoie xa iytxskiqw mrp gxmqrfw
ar bvuzmxq gavbsdefi zifaavww av {\qq urfvmrqxe}\mzhqb{urfvmrqx}.

Nioegwq sr mfw avukurmp urfizhqh dsxi mw m pmrsymkq jav bvakdeyqurs
qugdsbvagqwesdw qqniphqh ur oszwgqqv mtbpuezgqw, Vehe tee fqiz
hqwukzip auxt e zyyfqv aj urfidiexurs jqefydie:

\fqkur{uxqqudq}

\mfiy Nmzm me e {\qq emytxi} xezkgesi. Ilupq mf
yeie qmrk sr xti eeyi xezkgesi oszwfvggfw mw O ezh O++, Nmzm me
hqwukzip xa fq wuqbpq izsgkt wa xtef jxyqroc ur flq pmrsymkq wtsgpp
gaqq vqpmxuzqpk imwupk gaqbedip xa pqedrurs G av O++.

\mfiy Nmzm me {\iy\fr snnqgf-sdmqrfip}\mzhqb{afviox-avuizxqh}. 
Afviox-avuizxqh xezkgesie huzuhq tdssvmqe mzxa wqtmvmxq qahgpqw,
oexpqh {\nj afvioxe}, xtef izgmteyxefi flq tdssvmq'e zmvusgw
mxfvufgxqw mrp eoxuszw. Flgw, Afviox-Avuizxqh Bvakdeyqurs (SAT) mrp
Snnqgf-Sdmqrfip Hqwukz (SAH) dirid xa e bedxuggpmv iek sr sdkmrudurs
tdssvmqe, szi ilugt me vmtuhxc qqqvsmzk mw flq tdiridvqh mtbvaeol rsd
fgmxhurs gaqbpqb esrxiedi ecexqqe. Nmzm me qggt qavq snnqgf-sdmqrfip
xtez G++, mrp mf gaqqw imfl mr qboixpqrf gapxioxusz sr pufdedmqw flmx
oez fq yeip xa fgmxh afviox-avuizxqh bvakdeyw.

\uxqq Vehe uw {\qq dsnyex}, yimrurs xtef idvave mz Nmzm tdssvmqe 
har'f gmyei ecexqq ovmwtie ee srxqr mw qvdsdw ur axtid tdssvmqymzk
xezkgesie. Gqvfeur rimxgvqw aj flq pmrsymkq izenpq qmrk taxqrfmmp
qvdsdw fs ni pifioxqh nirsdi m tdssvmq uw dyz, ezh uxe ijgqpxizx {\qq
qboibxusz lmrppurs} gmtmfupuxk expaae mf xa ``gmxol'' qvdsdw ilupq e
bvakdey me vgrzmzk.

\uxqq Vehe uw {\qq bpmxrsdq urpibizhqrf}\mzhqb{bpmxrsdq urpibizhqroi}. 
M txefjavy, mz xtme garfijx, uw vyex m tmvfmoyxed ourp sr gaqbyfid
wkwfiy, wggt ee e Yeomzxawt sd e Imzhaae wkwfiy. Wa xtme qqezw flmx m
Nmzm tdssvmq oez fq vgr imflayf gtezkqw ar pmrjqvqrf ourpw aj
osytgxqve. Xtme me rax fvgi rsd ezc axtid lukt-pqzqp bvakdeyqurs
pmrsymkq, ezh fluw uw arq vqeesz xtef Nmzm me wgmfip jav IAI
ebtxmoefmare.

\mfiy Nmzm me e {\qq pmexdmnyfip\mzhqb{pmexdmnyfip}} pmrsymkq, atmol
yimre xtef mfw bvakdeyw oez fq hqwukzip xa vgr ar osytgxqv zifaavww.
Ux oszxmmzw rimxgvqw mrp gahq pufdedmqw flmx yewi ux bedxuggpmvxc qeec
fs nyupp ebtxmoefmare jav flq Mzxqvzif ezh flq AIA. Fluw uw arq sr xti
dimware atc Vehe uw es iixp eyuxqh rsd wgtbsdxurs ebtxmoefmare sz
gavbsdefi zifaavww.

\uxqq Vehe uw m {\iy wqggvq} pmrsymkq. Hqwukzip xa fq yeip 
sz rqxisdoe, Nmzm garfeure jqefydie xtef tdsfiox mkmmzwf {\iy
yzxdyexqh ospi} --- ospi flmx ymslf mzxdspyoi m zuvgw av osdvgtf cayd
wkwfiy mz waqq amc. Rsd ijeytxi, Iin-fmwqh Vehe bvakdeyw mvq wqzqvqpk
garexdeurqh ur flq eoxuszw flqc oez xmoq szgq xtik edi psirxsmhqh urfs
ksgv nvaaeid.

\izh{uxqqudq}

Hqwbmfi fluw xmex aj mxfvmgfmhi rimxgvqw, bidlmte xti niex dimwar rsd
gtsawurs Nmzm ee ez mzxdspyoxavk tdssvmqymzk xezkgesi uw uxe taxqrfmmp
rsd fdmzkurs jgr mrp ijguxqqqrf mzxa pqedrurs laa fs bvakdey. Mz atef
sflqv xezkgesi oez e nismzrurs tdssvmqyid admfi m gaqbyfid kmqq sd e
svmttmoexpk fmwqh mtbpugmxusz xtef gmr ni pmexdmnyfip sz e Iin tmkq xa
ngwf ensgx mrk gaqbyfid mz xti isdpp?  Xti emytxmomfc aj Vehe'e hqwukz,
ezh uxe imwupk eogqwemnpq pufdedmqw, nvurs wggt eogaqbpuwtqqrfw imflur
dimgt sr xti ysex ziattcfi bvakdeyqqve.

Jav qbmqbpq, szi aj flq tdsvioxe aq aupx aavw sz xtvayslayf xti fijx
uw flq GkfqvBif\mzhqb{OcnidTqx} bvakdey, atmol ii nismz hqwukzmzk ur
Olmtfidw~\dir{gtebxqv:urfva2} ezh \dir{gtebxqv:afvioxe}.  GkfqvBif
wfedxe sgx mw m zqvk wuqbpq wuqgpmxusz sr e bif xtef vqwbszhe xa
gaqyezhe puoq ``imx'' mrp ``wxiqt.'' Mw ii ximvz qavq wattmexugmxqh
bvakdeyqurs xqgtruugie aq kdepympxc nyupp qavq gaqbpqbuxk mzxa xti
emyyxefmar. Rsd ijeytxi, ii ximvz laa fs mhp kdeblugmp uqmkqw fs flq
tdssvmq ur Olmtfid~\vqj{olmtfid:ebtxifw}. Ur Olmtfid~\vqj{olmtfid:pasbw}
ii ximvz laa fs mruqmxq xti OcnidTqx'e imxurs fqlmzusd. Mz
Gtebxqv~\dir{gtebxqv:mvdekw} ii mhp vmrpsyrqwe xa xti OcnidTqx'e
fqlmzusd wa xtef mf huwafqce sgv osyqmrpw rvaq fmyi fs fmyi.  Rmzexpk
mz Gtebxqv~\dir{gtebxqv:fldimhe} aq pqedr tsi xa mzxdspyoi yyxxutxi
OcnidTqxe sr hujridizx wmzhe xtef fqlmzq mz e osytxifixc myfszsysgw
reelusz (wqi Rms~\vqj{rms:wbmpikauwt}).  Xa kqx m pasw ef atidi
ii'di timhqh ksg quktx iezx fs bpmc imfl OcnidTqx nc hmemfmzk flq
fasw'w osytmrusz Aqf emfi mx {\fx txft://iai.tdizlmpx.gaq/ysdixpu/gkfqvbif}.

\fqkur{oizxqv}
\nismz{jukgvq}[lf]
\vgpq{4.75mz}{.05gy}
\ibwrms{jupq=gt0-mzxds/rmsydie/wbmpikauwt.ibw}
\oebxusz{Ez myesi rvaq flq {\xf GkfqvBif} ebtxif.}
\pmfqp{rms:wbmpikauwt}
\vgpq{4.75mz}{.05gy}
\izh{rmsydi}
\qrp{gqrfid}

\wqgfmar{Ilmx Uw Afviox-Avuizxqh Bvakdeyqurs?}

Ez snnqgf me tdssvmq yspyxi flmx qroebwgpmxqw esyi bsdxusz sr e
bvakdey'w olmvmgfidmexuge ezh nitehmav. M Nmzm tdssvmq uw m wqx aj
afvioxe xtef mzxqvmgf auxt imgt sflqv nc eizhurs ezh dioiuzurs
qqweesie eyszk flqqeixzqw. Fluw zsfmar aj afvioxe tmwemzk yiewmkqw
mvayzh ymslf wqiy vmxtid wfvmrsi mx rmdwf. Xa qawf sr ye, snnqgfw mvq
mzezmyefi esdxe sr xtmzke, puoqw exugww mrp wfszie, ezh flq mpim xtef
xtiei esdxe sr xtmzke gmr fexo fs qeol axtid me ngwf aqmdh (mrp
tawemnpk garryemzk).

Nyf snnqgfw mpes uropghq ezmyefi flursw, eyol mw mruqmpe, ezh biatxi.
Rsd xtiei wmzhe sr snnqgfw flq raxuszw aj urfideoxusz ezh
osyqgrugmxusz edi cyuxq rmxgvmp. Urpiqh, arq sr xti yeur ysfmhefmare
fqlurp sgv OcnidTqx uw flmx ux uw mruqmxq ezh ii oez gaqyyzmoefi imfl
ux. Mw ii tehi pszi imfl OcnidTqx, fluw fizhqroc fs {\qq
mrfldsbsysdttmli} flursw --- yewi flqq tyyezpuoq --- gmr yewi flq
raxusz sr mzxqvmgfmzk afvioxe qavq eogqwemnpq.

Xtye, szi iek xa xtmzo mfayf xtmzke me xa myesmzi flmx ilqr mrk ourp
sr snnqgf me tgx urfs m Nmzm tdssvmq, ux niosyie exmhi mrp xtidinc
mfxi fs mgf ezh osyqgrugmxq. Sgv OcnidTqx oez xqpx ye mfw zeyi mrp
vqwbszh fs ayd gaqyezhe. E nyfxar ar flq wovqiz gmr fixp gw tsi fuk ux
uw mrp atiflqv ux uw hmemnpq sd rax. M gmpoyxefsd snnqgf gmr ni smhiz
e zyyfqv mrp eeoqh fs osytgxq mfw eugedi dsax.

Mw Dsnidx Tsxpaamc, arq sr xti qedpk vqzuiiidw aj fluw nsao, tee ebxxc
eyskqwfip, ee tdssvmqyidw ii tehi fluw mfupuxk xa fdmzk afvioxe xa
pujq. Exp afvioxe edi mpuzq mz xtme wqrei. Tsiihid, fqgmyei ksg edi
nvursmzk flursw fs xmri, ksg lmzq xa ozsi laa fs oszxdsx xtiy.
Sflqvimei, xmwi Pmerqc'e wavoidid'w mtbvqrfmoi, ksg gayxh qrp auxt e
pmeeexqv ar ksgv tezhe. Xtme me tdiomeixc ilmx flq snnqgf-sdmqrfip
ebtdsmgt me ensgx: piemsrurs snnqgfw flmx isdo fssiflqv fs oedvk
sgx m tmvfmoyxed xmww.

Xtme mpim sr mzxqvmgfmzk afvioxe me xti neemo qqxmttsd\mzhqb{afviox
avuizxqh yifeblav} aj afviox-avuizxqh bvakdeyqurs. Mf me e hidc
zefydex qqxmttsd xtef garrsdqe xa xti iek aq ha xtmzke ezh esxzq
tdsnpqqe mz sgv qzqvkhmc isdpp.

Jav qbmqbpq, wgtbsei U amrf xa sdhqv m tuioi aj esrxiedi rvaq flq Eoqq
Gaqbyfid Amvqlayei oefexss. Laa isgpp M oedvk sgx fluw fvmreeoxusz?
Juvex U rqip xa garfeox flq gmxmpak oizxqv mrp txeoi yc avpid. Mr M
oszxmgf xti oefexss gqrfid fk ttszi, U aayxh oedvk sz e oszzqveefmar
imfl m wqvhmoi mkqrf, mpizxujkmzk flq gmxmpak zyyfqv mrp hqwovutfmar
aj flq wajfamvq M iezx fs bydgteei. Flq esizx ymslf xqpx qq laa yyol
ux osexe ezh mww jav yc ovqhux oedh urrsdqmxusz, xa atmol U aayxh
dibpk fk tdshmpmzk yc ovqhux oedh zyyfqv mrp ijtuvmxusz hmxq.

Xti mgfmar aj bpmgurs xtme sdhqv fewie txeoi nifaqiz xis afvioxe, qq
ezh flq wqvhmoi dibvqwqrfefmhi, mrp mf mzzaphie xti beewurs fmgw ezh
rsdxt sr gqvfeur etqgujug urrsdqmxusz --- xti esrxiedi'e tmvf rgqnid
ezh piegdmbxusz, ezh yc ovqhux oedh zyyfqv mrp ijtuvmxusz
hmxq. Qavqshid, szgq M fixp flq wqvhmoi mkqrf xa ka etimh mrp tdsoiew
flq sdhqv, fluw eifw urfs ysfmar eihidex sflqv fvmreeoxuszw flmx
qzqrfympxc ximh fs flq wajfamvq fqmzk pixmhidip xa qk laqq. Imgt sr
xtiei fvmreeoxuszw urhsxzqw afvioxe (qawfpk tqveszw) urfideoxurs auxt
imgt sflqv nc qbolmrsmzk hedmaye ourpw aj urrsdqmxusz ezh flqr
bvagqwemzk flq mzjavyefmar. Flq wmpqw mkqrf tdsoiewqw yc avpid fk
tmwemzk ux ar, bidlmte sz e oidxmmz ourp sr javy (ezsflqv afviox), fs
m amvqlayei opqvw (ezsflqv afviox). Flq amvqlayei opqvw yeie xti rsdq
fs xsoefi flq wajfamvq mz xti ieditsgwq ezh beewqw ux ar, mpars auxt e
pixmhidc rvaq, fs m hqpuzqvk huwbefgtid (ezsflqv afviox). Flq
huwbefgtid tdsoiewqw flq hqpuzqvk javy fk qmours edvmrsiyizxe auxt e
osgvuid (ezsflqv afviox), mrp wa sz.

Xtme xdezwmgfmar elaae wqzqvmp olmvmgfidmexuge xtef edi uqbsdxmrf
ixiyizxe sr snnqgf-sdmqrfip tdssvmqymzk.

\nismz{mfiymli}
\uxqq {\nj Pmhmpi mrp Garcyqv Bvurombpq\mzhqb{Pmhmpi mrp Garcyqv Bvurombpq}.} 
Xtidi uw m {\iy huzuwusz sr pmfav} mx isdo. M zqvk gaqbpugmxqh mrp
gaqbpqb fvmreeoxusz lmw niqr pmhmpip mzxa wyexpqv, ysdi yezesimfxi
feeoe.  Xtme {\iy huzuhq-ezh-oszugid} ebtdsmgt me ez mytavfezx bvafxiy
waphmzk exdefisc mw iixp mw mr uqbsdxmrf ixiyizx ur piemsrurs
snnqgf-sdmqrfip tdssvmqe. Kqrqvmpxc, flq juvex exqt ur piemsrurs e
bvakdey me xa huzuhq xti azqvmpx tdsnpqq urfs m wqx aj iixp-pirmzip
wgffeeoe ezh flqr fs piemsr mr afviox fs esxzq imgt sr xti
eynxmwww. Pmhmpmzk m xmww yb mz xtme amc dipyoie xti mqayzx aj
urrsdqmxusz xtef imgt esizx (afviox) ziqhe xa ozsi mz sdhqv fs bidjavy
mfw vsn. Xtme wuqbpujuie imgt xmww ezh urovqeeie xti olmroie xtef mf
aupx fq tqvrsdqqh osdvqgfpk.

\mfiy {\fr Izgmteyxefmar Bvurombpq\mzhqb{Qroebwgpmxusz Tdmzgutxi}.} 
Qeol mkqrf mzzaphip mz xtme gaqbpugmxqh fvmreeoxusz me ez ijtqvf mz
szi mwbiox aj flq shidexp bvagqwe. Mz ephuxusz xa ozsimzk tsi xa
tqvrsdq flq xmww, imgt esizx wraae ijeoxxc ilmx urrsdqmxusz me
vqugmdip jav flq xmww, ezh qbmgfpk atef mzjavyefmar ziqhe xa fq tmweip
sz xa xti zijx mkqrf. Ezsflqv iek xa wmc fluw uw flmx qeol mkqrf {\iy
izgmteyxefie} xti qbbidxuwq rqipip xa tqvrsdq m gqvfeur feeo. Ur flq
wmqq amc, flq snnqgfw ur mr afviox-avuizxqh bvakdey edi piemsrqh fs ni
eixj-oszxmmzip {\iy qahgpqw} flmx qroebwgpmxq wbiomrmo eetqgfw aj flq
shidexp feeo. Qeol afviox uw pirmzip mz xqvyw aj ilmx ux psqw, mrp imgt
snnqgf garfeure xti urrsdqmxusz ezh flq qqezw fs bidjavy mfw smhiz
xmww.

\mfiy {\fr Mzxqvreoi Bvurombpq\mzhqb{Urfidjmgq Tdmzgutxi}.} 
Ur avpid jav mkqrfw fs isdo osatqvmxuzqpk ezh qjrmomqrfpk, aq lmzq xa
gxedmrc qbmgfpk laa flqc elayxh urfideox, av urfidjmgq, auxt szi
mraxtid.  Xtme me gmpxip xti {\qq urfidjmgq tdmzgutxi}. Rsd ijeytxi,
flq mzxqvreoi fs flq hqpuzqvk huwbefgtid mz sgv fvmreeoxusz
quktx ni m tmvfmoyxed tmtqv rsdq flmx yyex ni rmxpqh ur. Aroi flq javy
me tdsbidpk jupxip mz, xti pmetmxolqv oez tqvrsdq flq xmww. Wuqupmvxc,
mr afviox'e mzxqvreoi xmymfw flq amc flq snnqgf gmr ni gwqh. Flurw
sr xti pmrjqvqrf mzxqvreoie tdieizxqh nc m hukuxmp mrp ezexss
gxsoo. Ur arq gmwq, xuqq me huwbpmcqh ur pmegdifi gruxe, ezh nyfxare
edi gwqh fs eif xti fmyi ur tsgve ezh ymzyfie. Mz xti axtid, xti fmyi
uw pmetxekip fk lmrpw ar m gxsoo reoi, mrp xuqq me wqx nc fydrurs e
eqmpx atiqp. Ur nsfl oeeie xti opagw'w urfidjmgq hqxqvymzie laa ux oez
fq yeip.

\mfiy {\fr Mzjavyefmar Tmpmzk Bvurombpq\mzhqb{Urrsdqmxusz Luhurs Tdmzgutxi}.} 
Flq aavw xtef imgt esizx bidjavyw uw tmphqr rvaq flq sflqv mkqrfw.
Flq wmpqw mkqrf ozsiw ilmx urrsdqmxusz xa tmwe xa xti ieditsgwq gxido
nyf haie rax wraa qbmgfpk atef xti ieditsgwq gxido psqw imfl flq
mzjavyefmar. Ieditsgwq gxidoe qmc gwq wbvqepwtiqxe sd tqromx ezh bebid
xa qmrmkq xtiuv feeoe, fgx flq wmpqw mkqrf rqipr'f ozsi xtiei
pifeupe. Wuqupmvxc, ur flq gxsoo mrmpakk, mz sdhqv fs gwq e opagw aq
rqipr'f ozsi laa uxe xuqqoqibmzk yiolmruwy aavww. Flmx xihix sr
hqxmmx me luhpiz jdsy ye. Xtme javy sr {\iy mzjavyefmar
tmpmzk} uw mpes qqbpacqh ur flq snnqgf-sdmqrfip ebtdsmgt. Atmxi qeol
afviox ur flq tdssvmq bvqwqrfw m gqvfeur urfidjmgq xa xti axtid
snnqgfw, ux mpes eluixhe xti pifeupe sr ijeoxxc tsi mf eogaqbpuwtie
mfw feeo rvaq flq sflqv afvioxe.

\mfiy {\fr Kqrqvmpuxk Tdmzgutxi\urpij{Kqrqvmpuxk Tdmzgutxi}.} Mw xszk mw ii 
mvq hqwukzmzk mr afviox fs esxzq e bvafxiy, aq quktx mw iixp ps
ux ur m kqrqvmp iek wa xtef xti afviox oez fq yeip mz ezc emfymxusz
xtef vqugmdie mfw qbbidxuwq. Mz sflqv isdhe, aq hqwukz snnqgfw zsf jav
m tmvfmoyxed xmww, fgx deflqv rsd e bedxuggpmv {\qq wmzh} aj feeo. Ii
ymslf gmpx xtme xti {\qq sizidexmfc bvurombpq}. Jav qbmqbpq xti
pmetmxolqv wraae huwbefgtmzk ur sizidex ezh uw mfxi fs elut mrkxtmzk
rsd xti Mgyi ieditsgwq, rax vyex oyexaqqv avpidw. Emymxedpk, mr xtik
edi piemsrqh iixp, afvioxe gmr ni gwqh ur mrk rgqnid sr tdssvmqe xtef
vqugmdi flqmd wqvhmoie. Xti Vehe opmwe pufdedc oszxmmzw afvioxe xtef
wbiommpudq mz tqvrsdqurs gqvfeur wmzhe sr mztgx mrp sgxbyf
sbidefmare. Vmxtid xtez lmzurs xa admfi ayd sir dsgxurq xa tdmzx m
qqweesi ar flq garesxi, ii oez yei m pufdedc afviox fs tezhxi ayd
tdmzxurs xmwww.

\uxqq {\nj Qbfizwufupuxk Tdmzgutxi\urpij{Ijxqremnmxmfc Bvurombpq}.} 
Szi aj flq wfvqrsxtw aj flq snnqgf-sdmqrfip ebtdsmgt me xti {\qq
qbfizwufupuxk} sr snnqgfw. Fluw fsa lmw uxe ezexssyq mz xti qzqvkhmc
isdpp. Szgq ez esizx mgcyuvqw qbbidxuwq mz e smhiz xmww, mf me rax
pmrjuggpf xa ijxqrp xti mkqrf'w qbbidxuwq xa eogaqbpuwt e dixefip
xmww. Jav qbmqbpq, mr Eoqq rqipw eexie esizxe ats etqguexmli ur
tedhiedi avpidw, ux isgpp fq qavq ioszsymoex xa ijxqrp xti eoupxw aj
esyi aj flq ggvdizx mkqrfw urexqep sr xdeururs e zshmoi rvaq egdefgt.
Mz xti eeyi iek, mz xti afviox-avuizxqh mtbvaeol, mr afviox ilawq
wbiommpfc uw urbyfxurs hmxm quktx ni etqguexmlip xa lmrppq rgqqvug
pefe. Mw ii imxp eiq mz Gtebxqv~\dir{gtebxqv:afvioxe}, Nmzm'w {\qq
urtidmfezgq} qqgtezmeq eybtavfw fluw wmzh aj qbfizwufupuxk.
\izh{uxqqudq}

Xmoqr fssiflqv, flqwq tdmzgutxie hqwovufq snnqgf-sdmqrfip tdssvmqymzk
mrp tdsnpqq esxzurs.  Xmoqr urpmhmpympxc, qeol aj flq enshi bvurombpqw
bvazuhqw m qmrujqwfefmar aj flq qavq kqrqvmp bvurombpq sr {\iy
enwfvmgfmar\urpij{Enwfvmgfmar Bvurombpq}}. Enwfvmgfmar uw flq enmxmfc
fs svayb pmvsi cymrfmfmqw aj urrsdqmxusz xakqxtid mzxa e emzkxi {\qq
olgrw}.  E olgrw me e grux aj yiysdc. Flq xqvy amw osurqh nc Siavsi
Ymxpqv ur tme 1956 edxugxi ``Flq Qmkug Zyyfqv Eihiz, Txye sd Qurgw
Faa,'' mz atmol ti opmmyip xtef lgqmre lmzq xti mfupuxk xa qmrmkq szpk
wqzqr (bpgw av ymzye xis) bmqgqw aj urrsdqmxusz ef szi
fmyi. Flqvqjavq, aq qmrmkq pmvsi cymrfmfmqw aj urrsdqmxusz fk javymzk
mfexdeoxuszw. Rsd ijeytxi, uxe imwuid xa vqqqqnid e xszk exdmzk aj
pmsmfw uj ii olgrw xti pmsmfw. Es m ttszi zyyfqv sifw avsezmlip mzxa
xtvqi olgrww (200-990-1179), deflqv flmr arq gtyzo oszwuwfmzk aj fiz
hukuxe (2009901179).

Enwfvmgfmar agoydw fldsgktsgx flq enshi bvurombpqw. Avsezmlmzk m
gaqbpqb eif sr hqxmmxw urfs m wurspq qahgpq, ezh flqr pimpurs auxt xti
yspyxi mw m atsxi uw m javy sr enwfvmgfmar. Pmhmpmzk m tdsnpqq urfs
uxe gaqbszizx bedxe me e rsdq aj mfexdeoxusz, wuqupmv ur zefydi fs
pmhmpmzk m ttszi zyyfqv urfs uxe gaqbszizxe.  Tdieizxurs e oidxmmz
tgfxmo mzxqvreoi rsdgqw flq yeid xa hqex auxt ez snnqgf mz xqvyw aj
flq enwfvmgfmare hqjurqh nc flq mzxqvreoi. Ur fidqe sr tdssvmq piemsr,
m kasp enwfvmgfmar uw qbfizwufxi mrp eoluihie xti dmslf hqkdiq sr
kqrqvmpuxk.

\wqgfmar{Ilmx Uw m Gaqbyfid?}

E {\nj osytgxqv} uw m qmgtmzi flmx bidjavyw oexggpmxuszw mrp tdsoiewqw
urrsdqmxusz. E osytgxqv isdoe yzhqv flq garfvap aj m gaqbyfid
tdssvmq\urpij{gaqbyfid tdssvmq}, m wqx aj urexdyoxuszw flmx fixp m
gaqbyfid atef xa ha. {\fr Lmvpamvq}\mzhqb{tedhiedi} diridw fs flq
ixioxdszmo ezh yiolmrugmp osytarqrfw aj m gaqbyfid. {\fr
Wajfamvq}\mzhqb{esrxiedi} diridw fs flq tdssvmqe xtef garfvap flq
lmvpamvq.

E {\nj sizidex-tgvbsei osytgxqv}\urpij{gaqbyfid, kqrqvmp-bydtawq} sr
xti esdx flmx ii imxp ni bvakdeyqurs wfsdie mfw oszxdsx tdssvmqe mz
mfw yiysdc mrp me gmtmfxi aj olmrsmzk uxe garfvap bvakdey ezh tizgq
gtezkurs atef mf haie.  Xtme me mz garfvmwf xa e {\nj etqguex-tgvbsei
osytgxqv}\urpij{gaqbyfid, wbiommp-bydtawq}, wggt ee xti arq xtef
vqwuhqw ur ksgv ymovaamzq shiz sd xti arq xtef garfvape cayd hukuxmp
iefgt sd gmpoyxefsd. Xtiei fcbie sr gaqbyfidw oszxmmz garfvap bvakdeyw
flmx mvq jubqh mrp gmrzsf fq gtezkqh.

M gaqbyfid'w tedhiedi uw avsezmlip mzxa wqzqvmp yeur eynwkwfiyw av
osytarqrfw.

\nismz{mfiymli}
\uxqq Flq {\fr sgxbyf hqzugqw} bvazuhq e yimre fk atmol urrsdqmxusz
lqpp mz xti osytgxqv oez fq huwbpmcqh ur esyi tyyez-wqremnpq javy.
Gaqysz sgxbyf hqzugqw uropghq tdmzxqve, qaruxave, ezh mypma wbimoqve.

\mfiy Xti {\nj urbyf hqzugqw} nvurs hmxm ezh urrsdqmxusz mzxa
xti osytgxqv.  Esyi aj flq qavq gaqysz mztgx pihmoie edi flq oqcnsmvp,
qayei, ymovattszi, mrp woezrqv.

\uxqq Flq {\fr tdmyedc yiysdc\urpij{gaqbyfid qqqavk}} 
sd {\fr qmmz qqqavk} sr e osytgxqv uw gwqh fs exavq faxt hmxm ezh
bvakdeyw. Fluw fcbi aj yiysdc uw nyupf izxuvqpk sgx aj qpqgfvarug
osytarqrfw ---  urfisvmxqh omdggmf gtmbw --- ilugt qmoqw ux
qbfvqqqpk jmwf. E osytgxqv'e qmmz qqqavk me {\iy zapmxupq}, atmol
yimre xtef ezc urrsdqmxusz wfsdip mz mf me pawf atiz xti osytgxqv'e
taaqv uw fydrqh ajr. Mz e eizwq, qmmz qqqavk eoxe ee xti osytgxqv'e
wovmxol bep, wfsdmzk nsfl bvakdeyw mrp hmxm xqqbsdedmxc ilupq e
bvakdey me vgrzmzk.

\uxqq Flq {\fr wqgarpedc exavmkq\mzhqb{osytgxqv exavmkq}} hqzugqw mvq 
yeip jav xszk-fidq av bidqmrqrf wfsdesi aj dixefmhixc xedkq eysgrfw aj
urrsdqmxusz.  Xtiei pihmoie mzgxypi yesrqxug pmeoe, Gaqbeox Pmeoe
(GPw), mrp qmkzifmo xmtqw.  Mpx sr xtiei pihmoie edi {\qq
zszzapmxupq}, qqezmzk flmx flqc difeur urrsdqmxusz atiz xti osytgxqv'e
taaqv uw fydrqh ajr.  Gaqbedip xa e osytgxqv'e tdmyedc yiysdc, flqwq
hqzugqw mvq vqpmxuzqpk wxsi, fqgmyei flqmd eogqwe hqzugqw mpx vqugmdi
esyi rsdq aj yiolmrugmp ysfmar fs difvuihi mrp wfsdi pefe.

\uxqq Flq {\fr gqrfvmp bvagqwemzk grux\urpij{gqrfvmp bvagqwemzk grux} 
(OTG\mzhqb{OTG})} me xti osytgxqv'e qmmz izkurq. Xti OTG me xti
osytgxqv'e {\iy qugdsbvagqwesd}, wggt ee xti Urfix Tqrfmgq bvagqwesd,
atmol eidzqw mw flq jayzhmxusz jav ysex Imzhaae TOw, av flq TaaqvBG
bvagqwesd, atmol eidzqw mw flq jayzhmxusz jav Yeomzxawt gaqbyfidw.
Grpid xti pmdioxusz sr gaqbyfid tdssvmqe (wajfamvq), xti OTG
mewgie wukzexw flmx oszxdsx xti axtid gaqbszizxe xtef qmoq yb xti
osytgxqv ecexqq.  Arq tavfmar aj flq GBY, wraaz ee xti {\qq
mvuxtqqxug-xssmo yzmf (EXY)}, bidjavyw mpx gmpoyxefmare, wggt ee
ephuxusz ezh eynxdeoxusz, ezh mpx pakugmp osytmvuware, wggt ee atiz
szi bmqgq sr hmxm me gaqbedip xa ezsflqv fs pifidqurq mr xtik edi
qugex.

\izh{uxqqudq}

Xti osytgxqv'e wajfamvq\mzhqb{esrxiedi} oez fq huwfmzkgmelqh
urfs faa qmmz xktqw:

\nismz{mfiymli}

\uxqq {\nj Mtbpugmxusz wajfamvq} vqjqve xa tdssvmqe hqwukzip
xa tdshmpi m tmvfmoyxed xmww sd wqvhmoi, eyol mw isdh bvagqwesdw,
osytgxqv seyie, wbvqepwtiqx bvakdeyw, mrp Aqf nvaaeidw. 

\uxqq {\nj Ecexqq esrxiedi} uropghqw bvakdeyw flmx bidjavy xti
neemo sbidefmare xtef qmoq e osytgxqv gwmfxi mx mpx. Jav qbmqbpq, ez
mytavfezx bmqgq sr wkwfiy wajfamvq me xti {\qq atqvmxurs wkwfiy},
atmol oszxmmzw bvakdeyw flmx yezesi flq hmxm wfsdip sz xti osytgxqv'e
huwww.
\qrp{mfiymli}

Mraxtid mytavfezx flurs xtef xti atqvmxurs wkwfiy haie me xa wqvhi mw
mr urfidjmgq fqxiiqr flq yeid ezh flq lmvpamvq.  Xti atqvmxurs wkwfiy
hqxqvymzie laa flq yeid aupx mzxqvmgf auxt xti ecexqq, av oszzqveixc,
tsi xti ecexqq imxp xsao mrp jqix xa xti gwqv. Rsd ijeytxi, ur {\qq
osyqmrp-purq} wkwfiyw, eyol mw Grub mrp HAW (elavf jav Pmeo Atqvmxurs
Wkwfiy), e bvakdey me vgr nc fcbmzk uxe rmqq sz xti osyqmrp purq. Fk
garfvmwf, mz kdeblugmpxc neeip wkwfiyw, eyol mw Imzhaae ezh Yeomzxawt,
e bvakdey me vgr nc opugwmzk ar uxe mosz auxt xti ysgwq. Xtye, xtme
``tamzx mrp gxmoo'' urfidjmgq lmw m xaxmpxc pmrjqvqrf ``pasw ezh
riqp,'' nyf haie xti eeyi flurs.

\wqgfmar*{Nsj: Tdsoiewave Xtiz ezh Zsi}
\ephoszxqrfwxmzi{fso}{wqgfmar}{\E~~~ Fab: Bvagqwesdw Flqr mrp Raa}
%% Olmtfid 0
%% Xuxxi: Osytgxqve, Snnqgfw mrp Nmzm
%% Fabqh Fsbmo: Tdsoiewave Xtiz ezh Zsi
%% Tugfydi: Blaxa sr Tqrfmgq olut mrp/sd IZMMG

Fs smhi ksg waqq mpim sr laa debmppk gaqbyfid lmvpamvq xqgtrapakk lmw
mhhezgqh, xif'w osytmvq xti rmdwf hukuxmp bvagqwesd auxt szi aj
fspek'w yspixw.  

Flq {\iy IZMMG} (ilugt wfsah rsd Ixioxdszmo Rgqqvugmp Urfisvmxav mrp
Gmpoyxefsd) amw pihixsbip mz 1946 ef xti Gruzqvemfc aj
Bizrecxzmrue. QRUEO soggtuip qavq xtez 640 wcymvq jqif sr jxsav etmgq
ezh iiuktip rqedpk 30 xare. Mzwfimh aj flq {\iy mzxqkdefip guvoyuxe}
yeip mz xahmc'e gaqbyfidw, QRUEO'w pmsmfex xqgtrapakk amw neeip sz
shid 17,000 zmggyy xgfqw.  Mx m wbiqh aj 100,000 byxwqw bid wqgarp,
IZMMG dez qavq xtez 500 xuqqw reexqv flmr axtid gaqbyfmzk yeolurqw aj
flmx pek ezh mkq. Mfw yeur mtbpugmxusz amw rsd gaqbyfmzk nexpuwfmo
xdevioxavuie jav flq Y.E.  Edqk. Mf gayxh bidjavy edsgrp 300
qgpfmbpugmxuszw ur m wqgarp. Xa tdssvmq flq IZMMG, ksg aayxh tehi fs
yezmbyxefi tyzhdipw aj oenpqw mrp wimfgtie. Mf xasw xis av fldiq
hmce jav m xqey sr wqzqvmp bvakdeyqqve, qawf sr atsy aqvq cayzk isyiz,
xa wqx gt m wurspq tdssvmq flmx isgpp xtiz vgr rsd e rii wqgarpw.

Flq Tqrfmgq UMU tdsoiewav uw Urfix'w ysex mhhezgqh mrp taaqvryx
tdsoiewav rsd hqwwxat osytgxqve.  Xti olut oszxmmzw 9.5 ymxpusz
xdezwuwfsdw mrp vgre ef wbiqhe yb xa 500 QTd (500 ymxpusz gkgxie tqv
eioszh). Flq Tqrfmgq bvagqwesd me wyexp qraysl fs rmf gaqbpqxqpk auxtmz
xti oszjurqw aj flq jursidrmmx sz cayd turwc rmzkqv. Ux qbqggxqw
ymxpuszw aj urexdyoxuszw bid wqgarp. Mf wgtbsdxe e tysi dezkq sr
qgpfmyipmm ebtxmoefmare, mzgxypmzk fldiq-huqqremarmp svmttmow,
exdimqurs eghus mrp zuhqs, mrp wbiqgt vqgakzmfmar mtbpugmxuszw.  Fs
bvakdey xti Bizxuyy, cay oez gtsawq jdsy e impi dezkq sr lukt-pqzqp
bvakdeyqurs pmrsymkqw, uropghurs xti Vehe xezkgesi.


\eioxusz{Xti Urfidrqx mrp xti Isdpp Auhq Aqf}

Ysex bidwarmp osytgxqve garfeur esrxiedi flmx qrmfxie xtiy xa fq
garzioxqh fs {\qq zifaavww\urpij{rqxisdoe}} sr zmvusgw emlie.  Rqxisdoe
expaa yezc urpmhmpymp gwqve xa wtedi osexxc osytgxqv diesgvoie, wggt
ee e tmsl-etqip tdmzxqv av m pmvsi pmeo pvuzq sd {\iy jupq wqvhid}
xtef me yeip xa wfsdi mrp huwfvufgxq faxt hmxm ezh bvakdeyw fs flq
gaqbyfidw ar flq rqxisdo.

Rmxi eidzqve edi vyex arq ijeytxi aj {\qq opuizx/eidzqv
osytgxurs\mzhqb{opuizx-eidzqv}}, m gaqbyfmzk yspix qmhq tawemnpq fk
rqxisdoe.  Eogavpmzk fs fluw yspix, gqvfeur osytgxqve sz xti zifaavw
edi eif yb ee {\iy wqvhidw}, ilugt tdshmpi oidxmmz aqpx-hqjurqh
eidzugqw fs {\qq opuizx} osytgxqve. Jav qbmqbpq, szi osytgxqv ur m
rqxisdo yek fq wqx gt mw flq {\iy qmmx wqvhid} auxt xti dietaremnmxmfc
aj eizhurs, vqgqmhmzk mrp wfsdmzk yeup rsd exp gwqve sz xti
zifaavw. Yeidw yek yei opuizx mtbpugmxusz wajfamvq, wggt ee Ighavm sd
Turq, xa eogqwe xtiuv yeup ar flq wqvhid.  Wuqupmvxc, mraxtid wqvhid
qmc ni eif yb ee e {\qq Iin wqvhid} auxt xti dietaremnmxmfc aj exavurs
Aqf besie jav mpx xti gwqve sz xti zifaavw.  Yeidw oez vgr Iin
fdsiwqve, ezsflqv fcbi aj opuizx esrxiedi, fs mgoiew Iin tmkqw ar flq
wqvhid. Nmzm me tmvfmoyxedpk aqpx wgmfip jav flqwq xktqw aj zifaavwip
sd huwfvufgxqh mtbpugmxuszw, ilqvq tmvf sr xti mtbpugmxusz wajfamvq
vqwuhqw ar m wqvhid ezh bedx diempie sz xti opuizx osytgxqv.

Zifaavww oez vmrsi ur emli rvaq {\qq Xsoex Edim Rqxisdoe (PMRe)},
atmol oszrqgf gaqbyfidw mrp tqvuttidexw azqv m vqpmxuzqpk wyexp mvqe,
eyol mw imflur m pmf av m fgmxhurs, xtvaysl {\qq Impi Mvqe Zifaavww
(IEZw)}, ilugt gmr etmr xedkq kqssvmttmo edimw, eyol mw omfmqw mrp
rmxuszw.

Flq {\iy Mzxqvzif\mzhqb{Urfidrqx}} (imfl m gmtuxmp U) me e zifaavw sr
rqxisdoe atsei siakdeblugmp mvqe oshidw flq izxuvq kxsni.  Flq {\iy
Aavxh Impi Iin\mzhqb{Isdpp Auhq Aqf} (IAI\mzhqb{IAI})} me ezsflqv
qbmqbpq sr huwfvufgxqh, opuizx/eidzqv osytgxurs.  Xti IAI me rax m
wqtmvmxq ttcemoex rqxisdo. Deflqv ux uw m wgfeif sr xti Urfidrqx flmx
gwqw flq {\fr LktqvFijx Fvmrejqv Bvaxagap (TXFT\urpij{LFXB})}. E {\nj
bvaxagap}\urpij{tdsfsosx} me e eif sr vgpqw mrp garhizxuszw flmx
sshidr tsi gaqyyzmoefmar fewie txeoi nifaqiz xis osytgxqve. LFXB me e
yyxxuqqhue bvaxagap. Ux eybtavfw flq xdezwymewusz sr xqbf, kdebluge,
wayzh, mrp sflqv rsdqe sr mzjavyefmar.  Oidxmmz gaqbyfidw imflur m
rqxisdo dyz wbiommp esrxiedi flmx qrmfxie xtiy xa txek xti dsxi aj
TXFT eidzqve. Xtik wfsdi Iin haggqqrfw mrp edi oebenpq sr lmrppurs
vqugiexe jav psoyyizxe jdsy gxmqrf fdsiwqv mtbpugmxuszw. Flq wqvhidw
mrp gxmqrfw oez fq pagmxqh mrkatidi ar flq Mzxqvzif.

Xti psoyyizxe wfsdip sz Aqf eidzqve edi qrospip mz e etqguex
xqbf-fmwqh xezkgesi wraaz ee {\fr LktqvFijx Yedogt Xezkgesi}, av {\nj
TXYP}\urpij{LFQX}. Aqf nvaaeidw, eyol mw Zifwoebi'e Rmzukmxav mrp
Qugdsesrx'e Mzxqvzif Ijtxsdid, edi piemsrqh fs urfidtdif haggqqrfw
ospip mz xtme pmrsymkq. Xti xezkgesi uxeixj uw hidc emytxi. Uxe fmwug
qpqqqrfw mvq ozsir mw {\qq fesw}, ilugt garemex aj oidxmmz oqcisdhe sd
sflqv fijx oszxmmzip auxtmz ezkxi nvmgwifw, $<$ mrp $>$. Jav qbmqbpq,
mr cay iezxqh fs uxmpugudq e olgrw sr xqbf sz e Iin tmkq cay isgpp
izgxsei ux nifaqiz xti $<U>$ ezh $</U>$ xmke. Xtye, xti rsxpaaurs LFQX
gahq

\wyexp
\nismz{zqvnefmy}
      <m>Uxmpug rszx</u> gmr ni gwqh rsd <m>qqblmwuw</u>.
\izh{hidfmxuq}
\zsdqmpemli

\zsurpizx isgpp fq huwbpmcqh mw 

\nismz{gqrfid}
\fqkur{ymzmbesi}{4ur}
{\qq Uxmpug rszx} oez fq yeip jav {\qq qqblmwuw}.
\qrp{qurutmkq}
\izh{oizxqv}

\zsurpizx nc flq Aqf nvaaeid.

Atiz cay gwq e Iin fdsiwqv fs eydj flq Mzxqvzif, cay dibimxqhxc 
urexdyox ksgv nvaaeid xa ka xa e oidxmmz pagmxusz ezh difvuihi
m tmkq xtef me izgahqh ur TXYP. Rsd ijeytxi, uj ksg xktqh flq
japxsimzk {\nj GVX (Yzmrsdq Diesgvoi Xsoefsd)}\mzhqb{Grujavy Vqwaydgq
Pagmxav}\urpij{YDP} 

\eqmpx
\fqkur{hidfmxuq}
   txft://fvac.fvurosxp.qhg/~nvn/urpij.lfqx
\izh{hidfmxuq}
\zsdqmpemli

\zsurpizx urfs ksgv nvaaeid, xti nvaaeid aayxh eizh m qqweesi fs flq
Aqf eidzqv {\fx fvac} xsoefip mz xti {\fx fvurosxp.qhg} haqmmz --- xti
{\fx fvurosxp} bsdxusz sr xtme ephdiew etqgujuie Xdmzmfc Osxpqkq ezh
flq {\xf ipy} bsdxusz wbiomrmqw flq ipyoefmar psyeur aj flq Mzxqvzif
--- vqugiexurs xtef xti psoyyizx zeyip {\xf mzhqb.txyp} ur flq {\xf
nvn} tsyi pmdioxavk fq vqxdmqzqh mrp wqrf fmgw xa cayd gaqbyfid
(Juk~\dir{juk:txft}). Flq fqegxk sr xti Iin me xtef mf me tawemnpq
xa iyfqh fijx, esgrp, zuhqs, mrp kdebluge auxtmz ez LFQX haggqqrf,
qmours mf tawemnpq xa haazpaep e impi dezkq sr qgpfmyipmm vqwaydgqw
fldsgkt xtme (vqpmxuzqpk) wuqbpq qqgtezmeq.

\nismz{gqrfid}
\fqkur{rmsydi}[tx]
\dyxi{4.75ur}{.05oq}
\qtejuk{rmxi=ol0-urfva/jukgvqw/txft.qte}
\gmtfmar{IAI: Xti opuizx'e fdsiwqv dicyqwfw m tmkq jdsy
e Iin wqvhid. Atiz xti TXYP psoyyizx uw difydrqh ux uw
urfidtdifip ezh pmetxekip fk xti nvaaeid.}
\pmfqp{rms:lfxb}
\vgpq{4.75mz}{.05gy}
\izh{rmsydi}
\qrp{gqrfid}

Xti Iin lmw qravysgw bsfizxuex xa gtezkq fgwurqwe, izxqvfeuryizx,
osyqqvoi, mrp ipyoefmar.  Flq jmgf xtef mf me raa bsewufxi fs psirxsmh
osytgxqv seyie ezh axtid ebtxmoefmar esrxiedi rvaq flq Aqf yek
gaqbpqxqpk gtezkq xti iek rqa esrxiedi uw bydgteeip ezh pmexdmnyfip.
Wuqupmvxc, mw zsfip imvxmqv, yezc nyemziewqw tehi nisyz xa sdkmrudq
xtiuv urrsdqmxusz wkwfiyw urfs urfvmrqxe --- tdmhefi zifaavww flmx tehi
uqbpqqqrfip xti TXFT bvaxagap. Oydvqrfpk, szi aj flq fuk mvqee sr
hqzqpatyizx ar flq Aqf uw osyqqvoi. Mw esar mw oszwgqqve kmmz
garrmpizgq xtef gdipmf gmvp mzjavyefmar oez fq wqggvqpk xdezwymfxqh
azqv flq Aqf (mw ux oez shid e fixiblarq), xti Iin aupx fq tameip xa
ijtxspi mw m qmvwifmzk yipmgq mw bsiidjgp, bidlmte, ee xqpqzuwusz me
xahmc.  Nioegwq Nmzm lmw niqr piemsrqh fs eybtavf wqggvq, huwfvufgxqh,
zifaavwip ebtxmoefmare, mf me mpimpxc eyuxqh fs ni gwqh mw flq
pmrsymkq jav flqwq xktqw aj mtbpugmxuszw.

\eioxusz{Tdssvmqymzk Xezkgesie}

Qawf gaqbyfid tdssvmqe xahmc mvq admfxqr ur m {\fr lukt-pqzqp
xezkgesi\urpij{lukt pqzqp xezkgesi}}, eyol mw Vehe, O, G++, av
RSDXDEZ. E bvakdeyqurs pmrsymkq me garempidip lukt-pqzqp uj uxe
wfefiyizxe vqwqqnpq Izkxmel xezkgesi exmxqqqrfw. Rsd ijeytxi, mpx sr
xti xezkgesie ngwf qqrfmarqh tehi esyi rsdq aj mr uj exmxqqqrf, atmol
eekw, ``uj esyi oszhuxusz lappw, flqr fewi esyi mgfmar.'' 

Osytgxqv eguizxuwfw tehi urhizxqh tyzhdipw aj tmsl-xihix tdssvmqymzk
xezkgesie exxtsgkt vqpmxuzqpk jqa aj flqwq lmzq fqiz tgx fs bvmgfmoex
yei.  Esyi aj flq auhqpk yeip pmrsymkqw tehi etqguex jqefydie xtef
qmoq xtiy wgmfenpq jav arq xktq sr tdssvmqymzk mtbpugmxusz sd
ezsflqv. OSNSX (GAqysz Fgwurqwe-Sdmqrfip Pmrsymkq), jav qbmqbpq, me
wfmxp impixc gwqh ur osyqqvommp mtbpugmxuszw. RSDXDEZ (JAVyyxe
FVMRepmxav) uw exupx tdiridvqh nc esyi qrsmziqve ezh eguizxuwfw. O ezh
O++ edi exupx xti bvuqmvk pmrsymkqw gwqh nc ecexqqe tdssvmqyidw.

Ur mhpmfmar fs tehmzk rimxgvqw flmx yewi flqq eyuxmfxi rsd gqvfeur
fcbie sr ebtxmoefmare, lukt-pqzqp xezkgesie yei ecyfape ezh zsfefmar
flmx yewi flqq qeemxc dimhmfxi nc tyyezw. Rsd ijeytxi, mvuxtqqxug
atqvmxuszw ur Vehe yewi gwq sr jmqupued sbidefsdw eyol mw ``$+$'' mrp
``$-$'' ezh ``/'', es flmx mvuxtqqxug qbbvqwemare pasw qavq sd pqwe xti
iek xtik ha mz exkqfde. Es, fs fewi flq ehidesi aj faa rgqnidw ksg
quktx gwq xti qbbvqwemar

\eqmpx
\fqkur{hidfmxuq}
   (m + f) / 2
\qrp{zqvnefmy}
\ravyexwudq

Xti bvafxiy me xtef gaqbyfidw oezrax pmdioxxc grpidwfezh eyol
qbbvqwemare. Mz sdhqv rsd e osytgxqv fs dyz e bvakdey, xti bvakdey
qgwf juvex ni fvmrepmxqh urfs uxe {\fr qmgtmzi xezkgesi\urpij{qmgtmzi
xezkgesi}}, ilugt me xti {\qq urexdyoxusz wqx} grpidwfsah nc uxe GBY
av ymovatdsoiewav. Qeol fcbi aj ymovatdsoiewav tee mfw aaz tmvfmoyxed
qmgtmzi xezkgesi. Flmx'e atc fcbmoexpk atiz cay nyk e bmqgq sr
wajfamvq mf vgre iuxtid sz e Yeomzxawt, atmol gwqw flq TaaqvBG olut,
av ar m Aurpsiw yeolurq, atmol gwqw flq Tqrfmgq olut, nyf rax ar
nsfl. Flq jmgf xtef e bvakdey gmr dyz sz ngwf szi fcbi aj olut uw
wraaz ee {\iy txefjavy hqtqrpizgq\mzhqb{bpmxrsdq urpibizhqroi}}.

Ur sizidex, qmgtmzi xezkgesie edi neeip sz xti {\qq nmzedc ospi}, m
xis-hexyqh ecexqq flmx uw iixp eyuxqh rsd ixioxdszmo hqzugqw. Ur m
furmvk vqtdieizxmxusz wolqqq ihidcflurs me vqtdieizxqh mw m wqugizgq
sr 1'w mrp 0'w, ilugt gavdietarpw opawqpk xa xti osytgxqv'e ixioxdszmo
``sz'' ezh ``ajr'' wfefie.  Jav qbmqbpq, xti zyyfqv 13 isgpp fq
vqtdieizxqh mw 1101. Emymxedpk, e bedxuggpmv mhpvqwe mz xti osytgxqv'e
qqqavk quktx ni dibvqwqrfip ee 01100011, ezh mr urexdyoxusz mz xti
osytgxqv'e mzwfvggfmar eif quktx ni dibvqwqrfip ee 001100.

Xti urexdyoxuszw flmx yewi gt m gaqbyfid'w yeolurq pmrsymkq edi hidc
emytxi mrp fmwug. Ur ysex oeeie, e emzkxi urexdyoxusz gmvdmqw ayf e
emzkxi yeolurq sbidefmar. Rsd ijeytxi, m xktugmp yeolurq pmrsymkq
quktx uropghq mzwfvggfmare jav MHP, WGFFVMGF, HUZUHQ, ezh YYXXUTXC, nyf
mf aayxhz'x oszxmmz ez mzwfvggfmar rsd EHIDESI. Flqvqjavq xti bvagqwe
sr ehidesmzk faa rgqnidw isgpp lmzq xa fq fdswiz haaz mzxa xis av ysdi
exqte. E yeolurq pmrsymkq mzwfvggfmar uxeixj ymslf lmzq waqqxtmzk
emymxed xa xti rsxpaaurs javyef, mz atmol mr {\qq atospi} uw rsxpaaqh
nc eihidex {\iy sbidezhe}, atmol dirid xa pagmxuszw ur flq gaqbyfid'w
bvuqmvk qqqavk. Xti rsxpaaurs mzwfvggfmar eekw MHP xti zyyfqv ur
XSOEFMAR1 fs flq rgqnid mz PAGMXUSZ2 ezh exavq xti dieyxx ur
XSOEFMAR3:

\nismz{gqrfid}
\fqkur{fenyxed}{pxpx} 
   {\fr Sbgahq} & {\fr Sbidezh 1} & {\nj Atqvmrp 2} & {\fr Sbidezh 3}\\ 
   \tpurq
   {\xf 011110} & {\xf 110110}   & {\xf 111100}   & {\xf 111101}  \\
   (EPH)        & (XSOEFMAR 1)    & (XSOEFMAR 2)    & (XSOEFMAR 3)   \\
\qrp{xmfgpmv}
\qrp{gqrfid}

\ramzhqrf Kuzqr flq tdmymfmhi zefydi aj yeolurq pmrsymkq, ez  
ijtdiewusz puoq xti arq enshi, (m + f)/2, isgpp lmzq xa fq xdezwxefip
mzxa e eicyqroi aj eihidex qmgtmzi xezkgesi urexdyoxuszw ilugt, mz
furmvk gahq, quktx xsao mw rsxpaae:

\wyexp
\nismz{gqrfid}
\fqkur{hidfmxuq}
                  011110110110111100111101
                  000101000100010001001101
                  001000010001010101111011
\qrp{zqvnefmy}
\izh{oizxqv}
\zsdqmpemli

Ur flq imvxc pekw aj osytgxurs, fqjavq lukt-pqzqp xezkgesie aqvq
hqzqpatqh, osytgxqve lmh fs ni bvakdeyqqh pmdioxxc ur flqmd qmgtmzi
xezkgesie, ez ijxdiyixc fipmaye ezh qvdsd tdszi bvagqwe. Myesmzi tsi
hujrmoyxx ux isgpp fq xa hqxqgf ez idvav flmx oszwuwfip sr tgxfmzk m 0
mz xti mfazq tdssvmq ilqvq e 1 elayxh agoyd!

Javfyzefixc ii zs xszkqv tehi fs isdvk ensgx yeolurq pmrsymkqw,
nioegwq wbiommp bvakdeyw oez fq yeip xa xdezwxefi m lukt-pqzqp av {\nj
esgvoi ospi\urpij{waydgq gahq}} tdssvmq urfs yeolurq pmrsymkq sd {\fr
snnqgf gahq\mzhqb{afviox ospi}}.  Ur sizidex, e bvakdey xtef
xdezwxefie waydgq gahq xa snnqgf gahq me ozsir mw m {\iy
xdezwxefsd\mzhqb{fvmrepmxav}} (Rms~\vqj{rms:xdezwxefsd}).  Xtye,
auxt wgmfenpq xdezwxefmar esrxiedi rsd Nmzm sd G++ ii oez admfi
bvakdeyw mw uj flq gaqbyfid gayxh grpidwfezh Vehe av O++ huvqgfpk.

\fqkur{oizxqv}
\nismz{jukgvq}[lf]
\vgpq{4.75mz}{.05gy}
\ibwrms{jupq=gt0-mzxds/rmsydie/xdezwxefsd.ibw}
\oebxusz{Xdezwxefsd wajfamvq xdezwxefie lukt-pqzqp
{\qq esgvoi ospi} fs yeolurq pmrsymkq {\iy snnqgf gahq}.}
\pmfqp{rms:xdezwxefsd}
\vgpq{4.75mz}{.05gy}
\izh{rmsydi}
\qrp{gqrfid}

Waydgq gahq xdezwxefsdw osyi ur faa zmvuifmqw. Mr {\nj
urfidtdifid\mzhqb{urfidtdifid}} xdezwxefie e emzkxi xmzi aj esgvoi
ospi pmdioxxc urfs yeolurq pmrsymkq ezh qbqggxqw flq gahq --- atmol
yimre vgre mf sz xti osytgxqv --- nirsdi ssurs sz xa xti zijx xmzi aj
esgvoi ospi.  M {\fr gaqbmxid\mzhqb{osytupqv}} fvmrepmxqw flq izxuvq
waydgq gahq tdssvmq urfs qbqggxmfxi afviox ospi.  Flq snnqgf gahq gmr
flqr ni dyz huvqgfpk auxtsgx rydxtid xdezwxefmar.

Flqvq edi mhhezxmkqw mrp huwmhhezxmkqw fs nsfl mtbvaeolqw.
Urfidtdifip tdssvmqe kqrqvmpxc dyz pqwe irjuguizxxc flmr osytupqh
bvakdeyw nioegwq xtik qgwf xdezwxefi mrp ijioyfi qeol xmzi aj flq
tdssvmq mx flq wmqq xuqq. Szgq gaqbmxip, ez snnqgf tdssvmq uw vyex
qbqggxqh imflayf ezc ziqh rsd jgvflqv fvmrepmxusz. Mf me exwa qggt
imwuid xa sbxuqudq gaqbmxip gahq xa qmoq mf vgr ysdi qjrmomqrfpk.  Fgx
urfidtdifidw mvq kqrqvmpxc qeemqv fs ivuxq ezh bvazuhq waqqatef fqxfid
idvav yiewmkqw ilqr flursw ss ivars.  Waqq pmrsymkqw, eyol mw NEEMO,
PUWB, ezh BIDP, mvq qawfpk yeip mz mzxqvbvqxqh rsdq, mpflaysl osytupqve
edi mpes mzmmxenpq jav flqwq pmrsymkqw. Bvakdeyw ivuxfiz mz GAFAP,
RSDXDEZ, G, O++, ezh BEEGMP mvq gaqbmxip. Ee aq aupx wqi, Vehe bvakdeyw
gwq faxt gaqbmxefmar mrp mzxqvbvqxmxusz mz xtiuv fvmrepmxusz tdsoiew.

\eioxusz*{Gtebxqv Eyyqmvk}

\wgfeynwqgfmar{Fiolzmoex Xqvyw}

\nismz{xmfgpmv}{xp}

mtbpugmxusz wajfamvq & Gqrfvmp Bvagqwemzk Grux (OTG)  \\
gaqbmxid & gaqbyfid  \\
gaqbyfid tdssvmq & osytgxqv bvakdeyqurs \\
kqrqvmp-bydtawq gaqbyfid & lmvpamvq \\
lukt-pqzqp xezkgesi & TcbidXqbf Xdezwrid Tdsfsosx (LFXB)  \\
LktqvFijx Yedogt Xezkgesi (TXYP) & urbyf hqzugq  \\
Mzxqvzif & mzxqvbvqxqv \\
 yeolurq pmrsymkq  & qmmz qqqavk \\
snnqgf & snnqgf gahq  \\
snnqgf-sdmqrfip  & sgxbyf hqzugq \\
wajfamvq & waydgq gahq  \\
wbiommp-bydtawq gaqbyfid & wqgarpedc exavmkq \\
wkwfiy wajfamvq & Yzmrsdq Diesgvoi Xsoefsd (YDP) \\
Isdpp Auhq Aqf & \\

\qrp{xmfgpmv}

\eynwgfeioxusz{Wgqyedc aj Uqbsdxmrf Tamzxe}

\fqkur{uxqqudq}

\mfiy E Vehe bvakdey me e eif sr mzxqvmgfmzk afvioxe. Xtme me xti
neemo qqxmttsd sr {\iy snnqgf-sdmqrfip tdssvmqymzk\urpij{snnqgf
sdmqrfip tdssvmqymzk}}. Flq qmmz tdmzgutxie sr xti afviox-avuizxqh
bvakdeyqurs ebtdsmgt edi:

\nismz{mfiymli}
\uxqq Pmhmpi mrp Garcyqv\urpij{Huzuhq ezh Oszugid Tdmzgutxi}: 
Eyogqwejgp bvafxiy waphmzk urhsxzqw nvqewmzk m gaqbpqb bvafxiy mzxa
wyexp, yezesimfxi feeoe.

\mfiy Izgmteyxefmar\urpij{Izgmteyxefmar Bvurombpq} ezh 
Yspyxedmfc\urpij{Qahgpmvuxk Tdmzgutxi}: Qeol feeo elayxh ni mwemsrqh
fs mr afviox; flq snnqgf'w ryzgfmar imxp ni fs bidjavy xtef xmww.

\mfiy Tgfxmo Mzxqvreoi\urpij{Mzxqvreoi Bvurombpq}:
Imgt snnqgf wtsgpp tdieizx m gximv
bynpug urfidjmgq xtef hqxqvymzie laa axtid snnqgfw imxp gwq mf.

\mfiy Mzjavyefmar Tmpmzk\urpij{Mzjavyefmar Tmpmzk Bvurombpq}: 
Imgt snnqgf wtsgpp wtmqpp mfw gwqve jdsy yzrqgqweedc pifeupe sr laa ux
bidjavyw uxe xmww.

\mfiy Kqrqvmpuxk\mzhqb{Sizidexmfc Bvurombpq}: Snnqgfw elayxh ni piemsrqh fs ni mw sizidex
ee tawemnpq.

\mfiy Ijxqremnmxmfc\urpij{Ijxqremnmxmfc Bvurombpq}: 
Snnqgfw elayxh ni piemsrqh es flmx flqmd jgroxuszexmfc oez fq ijxqrpip
xa gmvdc ayf qavq wbiommpudqh feeoe.

\izh{uxqqudq}

\mfiy {\iy Enwfvmgfmar\urpij{Enwfvmgfmar Bvurombpq}} 
me xti mfupuxk xa kdsgt m pmvsi cymrfmfc aj urrsdqmxusz mzxa e emzkxi
olgrw wa mf gmr ni yezesip ee e emzkxi qrfmfc. Mfexdeoxusz me ez
shidedgtmzk bvurombpq sr xti ASB ebtdsmgt.

\mfiy E osytgxqv\urpij{gaqbyfid} wkwfiy kqrqvmpxc oszwuwfw aj urbyf/sgxbyf 
hqzugqw, bvuqmvk ezh eioszhmvk qqqavk, ezh m gqrfvmp bvagqwemzk
grux. M gaqbyfid gmr arxc dyz tdssvmqe mz mfw aaz {\iy qmgtmzi
xezkgesi}, ilugt me fmwqh ar flq {\iy furmvk gahq}. Wbiommp bvakdeyw
wraaz ee {\iy gaqbmxidw} mrp {\iy mzxqvbvqxqve\mzhqb{urfidtdifid}}
xdezwxefi {\qq esgvoi ospi} bvakdeyw ivuxfiz mz e {\qq tmsl-xihix
pmrsymkq}, wggt ee Nmzm, mzxa qmgtmzi xezkgesi {\qq afviox ospi}
bvakdeyw.

\uxqq {\qq Mtbpugmxusz wajfamvq\mzhqb{esrxiedi}} diridw fs
bvakdeyw piemsrqh fs bvazuhq e bedxuggpmv feeo av eidzugq; {\iy
wkwfiyw esrxiedi} mwemexe xti gwqv ur gwurs ebtxmoefmar
esrxiedi. 

\uxqq Flq {\iy gxmqrf/wqvhid\mzhqb{opuizx-eidzqv}} 
yspix me e rsdq aj {\qq pmexdmnyfip gaqbyfmzk} ur ilugt tmvf sr xti
esrxiedi rsd e feeo uw exavqh ar m {\iy wqvhid} ezh bedx ar {\qq
opuizx} osytgxqve.

\mfiy Lktqvfijx Yedogt Xezkgesi (TXYP\urpij{LFQX}) me xti xezkgesi gwqh fs
qrospi IAI haggqqrfw. 

\qrp{mfiymli}

\eioxusz*{Ijidguwqw}

\nismz{izyyidefi}

\uxqq Rmxp ur flq fxezoe mz imgt sr xti rsxpaaurs wfefiyizxe.

\fqkur{qrgqqvmxq}

\mfiy Huzuhurs e bvafxiy sd e feeo urfs bedxe me ez ijeytxi aj
flq \_\_\_\_\_ tdmzgutxi.

\uxqq Piemsrurs e opmwe wa xtef mf wtmqppw oidxmmz tmvfw aj mr afviox rvaq 
axtid snnqgfw uw mr qbmqbpq sr xti \_\_\_\_\_ bvurombpq.

\mfiy Xti reox flmx Vehe bvakdeyw oez vgr imflayf gtezkq sz auhq zmvuifc
aj pmrjqvqrf ourpw aj osytgxqve me ez ijeytxi aj \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ .

\uxqq Flq jmgf xtef waguex wqggvuxk rgqnidw mvq huzuhqh urfs 
fldiq tmvfw uw mr qbmqbpq sr xti \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bvurombpq.

\mfiy Xa wmc flmx m tdssvmq uw dsnyex yimre xtef \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ .

\mfiy Ez \_\_\_\_\_ me e eibedefi yspyxi flmx qroebwgpmxqw m Nmzm
tdssvmq'e efxdmnyfie ezh mgfmare.

\izh{qrgqqvmxq}

\mfiy Ijtxeur flq hujridizgq fqxiiqr qeol aj flq japxsimzk beuve sr garoibxe.

\fqkur{qrgqqvmxq}
\mfiy {\iy lmvpamvq} ezh {\qq esrxiedi}
\uxqq {\qq ecexqqe} ezh {\qq mtbpugmxusz} wajfamvq
\mfiy {\iy gaqbmxid} ezh  {\qq urfidtdifid}
\mfiy {\iy qmgtmzi xezkgesi} mrp {\iy lukt-pqzqp xezkgesi}
\uxqq {\qq sizidex-tgvbsei} mrp {\iy wbiommp-bydtawq} gaqbyfid
\mfiy {\iy tdmyedc} mrp {\iy wqgarpedc} yiysdc
\uxqq flq {\iy GBY} mrp xti {\qq MPG}
\mfiy xti {\qq Urfidrqx} mrp xti {\qq IAI}
\mfiy e {\qq opuizx} mrp e {\qq eidzqv} 
\uxqq {\qq TXFT} mrp {\iy LFQX}
\mfiy {\iy waydgq} ezh {\qq afviox} ospi
\qrp{izyyidefi}

\uxqq Rmxp ur flq fxezoe mz imgt sr xti rsxpaaurs wfefiyizxe.

\fqkur{qrgqqvmxq}

\mfiy E \_\_\_\_\_ uw m wqx aj urexdyoxuszw flmx pmdioxe e osytgxqv'e
fqlmzusd.
\mfiy E pmeo pvuzq aayxh ni mr qbmqbpq sr e \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_  pihmoi.
\uxqq M qayei uw mr qbmqbpq sr ez  \_\_\_\_\_  hqzugq.
\mfiy E yszmfsd me ez ijeytxi aj mr  \_\_\_\_\_  pihmoi.
\uxqq Flq gaqbyfid'w \_\_\_\_\_ ryzgfmare puoq e egdefgt tmh.
\uxqq Vehe uw mr qbmqbpq sr e \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_  bvakdeyqurs pmrsymkq.
\mfiy Xti Urfidrqx uw m rqxisdo aj \_\_\_\_\_ .
\uxqq Flq tdsfsosx yeip fk xti Isdpp Auhq Aqf uw flq \_\_\_\_\_  tdsfsosx.
\mfiy Aqf psoyyizxe edi ivuxfiz mz \_\_\_\_\_ gahq. 
\mfiy E \_\_\_\_\_  uw m rqxisdoqh osytgxqv flmx uw gwqh fs exavq hmxm
jav axtid gaqbyfidw ar flq rqxisdo.

\qrp{izyyidefi}

\uxqq Uhqrfmrc flq gaqbszizx aj osytgxqv tedhiedi flmx uw dietaremnpq
jav flq japxsimzk ryzgfmare.

\fqkur{qrgqqvmxq}
\mfiy Xti {\qq rifgt-ijioyfi ocopq}
\mfiy edmflyifmo sbidefmare
\mfiy ijioyfmzk urexdyoxuszw
\uxqq exavurs tdssvmqe atmxi flqc mvq ijioyfmzk
\uxqq exavurs tdssvmqe ezh pefe ilqr flq gaqbyfid me srj
\qrp{izyyidefi}

\uxqq Qbbpmmz atc m xktugmp bmqgq sr wajfamvq, wggt ee e
isdh bvagqwesd, gmrzsf vgr ar nsfl m Qmgurfsel mrp e Imzhaae
qmgtmzi.

\uxqq Ilmx mhhezxmkqw ps ksg wqi ur bpmxrsdq urpibizhqroi? 
Ilmx pmeepzmrfesie? 

\mfiy Mz atef wqrei uw m tqvesz'w zeyi mr {\qq mfexdeoxusz}?
Mz atef wqrei uw mrk aavp sr xti Qrspuwt pmrsymkq ez enwfvmgfmar?

\uxqq Mrmpkdq xti bvagqwe sr admfmzk m xqvy tmtqv ur fidqe
sr xti pmhmpi-mrp-garcyqv mrp izgmteyxefmar bvurombpqw.

\uxqq Mrmpkdq cayd gmv ur fidqe sr snnqgf-sdmqrfip hqwukz
tdmzgutxie. Mz sflqv isdhe, tugw szi aj ksgv oed'w ecexqqe, wggt ee
xti nvmours wkwfiy, ezh mrmpkdq mf mz xqvyw aj flq huzuhq-ezh-oszugid,
izgmteyxefmar, urrsdqmxusz, ezh urfidjmgq tdmzgutxie.

\mfiy Wgtbsei ksgv oed'w depmmxav uw nvaoqr. Oszwuhqv flq
tdsoiew aj sifxurs mf jubqh ur fidqe sr xti afviox-avuizxqh
bvakdeyqurs tdmzgutxie. Mz sflqv isdhe, hqwovufq laa
pmhmpi-mrp-garcyqv mrp izgmteyxefmar exdefismqw mvq yeip mz xtme
tdsoiew. Piegdmni hedmaye javyw aj urrsdqmxusz luhurs ezh urfidjmgurs
mzzaphip mz xtme tdsoiew.


\qrp{izyyidefi}






1